Mesothelioma Caused by Asbestos Mesothelioma is a cancer that develops on the organs' protective linings. It affects the pleura (the lung's lining), peritoneum, and the pericardium. Mesothelioma can be triggered by asbestos exposure. It can take decades for mesothelioma to develop from exposure, particularly when exposure was prolonged. The asbestos-contaminated